Curtain-shutter operating mechanism for photographic cameras



A. H. GOREY HUTT PERATING MECHANISM Aug. 8, 1950 CURTAIN S ER 0 FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS ll Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 25, 1945 a, 4 I NVENTOR.

LHWCFZFAPH 6202 05 8}! I I LEI I 6 Aug. 8, 1950 A. H. GOREY CURTAIN SHUTTER OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS ll Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed 001;. 23, 1945 INVENTOR. (H2171, iHG0?'e g Aug. 8, 1950 A. H. GOREY 2,517,658

CURTAIN SHUTTER OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS ll Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed 001;. 23, 1945 INVENTOR. cflrcaileHliore y.

Aug. 8, 1950 A. H. GOREY 1 CURTAIN SHUTTER OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS ll Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Oct. 23, 1945 mm i Q W3 mmv A. H. GOREY HUTTER OPERATING MECHAN GRAPHI G, CAMERAS Aug. 8, 1950 2,517,658 ISM CURTAIN S FOR PHOTO l1 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed 001.. 23, 1945 INVENTOR. (Hi di/2H aorey. BY fwau 4&4

Aug. 8, 1950 A. H. GOREY 2,

CURTAIN SHUTTER OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS Filed Oct. 25, 1945 ll Sheet s-Sheet 7 V V O aflrchiefltiorey Aug. 8, 1950 A H GOREY 2,517,658

CURTAIN SHUTTER OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS Filed Oct. 23, 1945 ll Sheets-Sheet 9 8, 1950 A. H. GOREY 2,517,658

CURTAIN SHUTTER OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS Filed Oct. 25, 1945 ll Sheets-Sheet 1O 372, 40 am INVENTOR.

dirckzeIilioz'gy 57/ Ev 2M4 M 4..) d

Aug. 8, 1950 A. H. GOREY CURTAIN SHUTTER OPERATING MECHANISM FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS ll Sheets-Sheet 11 Filed Oct. 23, 1945 INVENTOR. diz a we I1 Gorey aim" atented Aug. 8, 1950 CURTAIN-SHUTTER OPERATING MECHA- NISM FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS Archie H. Gorey, Rochester, N. Y., assignor to Graflex, Inc., Rochester, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application October 23, 1945, Serial No. 623,913

16 Claims.

This invention relates to curtain-shutter operating mechanism for photographic cameras, and particularly to cameras adapted for making aerial photographs.

In order that the principle of the invention may be readily understood, I'have disclosed a single embodiment thereof in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the camera, partly in vertical section, to show the magazine structure, the placement of the motors and the lens mounting structure;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the camera body in the magazine, showing the position of the film spools, the camera drive motors, the film idler roll, the film measuring roll, the focal plane shutter and the capping curtain, the shutter being in condition for makin an exposure;

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the removable shutter shown removed from the camera, both the shutter curtain and the capping curtain being shown and the mechanism being in condition for making an exposure;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary detail, partly sectioned respecting the right-hand end of the shutter mechanism viewin Fig. 3, and showing the shutter speed control mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a partial end elevation of the camera body showing the main shutter plate and latching means for locking the shutter mechanism into the camera, and showing the exposure counter;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail in longitudinal section of one of the shutter curtain tension rollers;

Fig. 7 is a right-hand end view of the shutter mechanism viewing Fig. 3, and showing the shutter mechanism in condition for making an exposure;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary detail of Fig. '7, showing the shutter when in run-down condition;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8, but showing the shutter in fully wound condition and the capping curtain in open condition;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary, partly sectioned, detail similar to Fig. 8, but showing the shutter in fully rewound condition, the capping curtain being in the capping condition just as the capping curtain is released to run down to open condition;

Fig. 11 is a right-hand end view of Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a top plan view of Fig. 10, with some of the parts removed to show the construction of the curtain rewind gears;

Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 10, with the curtain rewind gear and pinion removed so as more clearly to show the structure of the capping curtain rewind mechanism;

Fig. 14 is a detail of the shutter release lever and the shutter rewind gear dog;

Fig. 15 is a horizontal section of Fig. 10, taken on line l5l5 of Fig. 19, to show the driving connection between the capping curtain rewind gear and the shutter curtain rewind gear;

Fig. 16 is a front elevation of the camera mechanism housing with the cover plate removed, clearly showing the camera operating mechanism;

Fig. 17 is an enlarged detail of the left-hand side of Fig. 16, clearly showing the film feed mechanism and the signal light switch;

Fig. 18 is a right-hand end view of Fig. 17, being partly in section most clearly to show the construction thereof;

Fig. 19 is an enlarged detail of the right-hand side of Fig. 16, showing the construction of the film rewind clutch and the shutter rewind mechanism;

Fig. 20 is a wiring diagram of the camera;

Fig. 21 is a left-hand end view of Fig. l, the lens cone being removed to show the shutter locking mechanism;

Fig. 22 is a section through Fig. 21 on the line 22-422 thereof.

The camera herein disclosed is novel in its design and mechanical construction, in that it is fabricated from sheet metal, using most modern methods of fabrication of these materials. This makes for very high speed production and when built in reasonable quantities permits a very low production cost.

Among the objects of the invention herein claimed are: to provide an automatic motordriven camera having a completely removable shutter assembly; to provide a camera having an improved automatic capping curtain; to provide a camera having automatic means to prevent the release or" the camera shutter when the shutter is in the capped condition; and to provide a series of interlocks to prevent operation of the camera at any time prior to the completion of any part of a cycle or if any of the camera parts or assemblies are not properly locked.

General structure Referring more particularly to the drawings, and first to Fig. 1 showing a large plan view of the invention with certain parts broken away, the camera is made up of the following basic parts. The camera body is shown at 29, the lens cone at 2!, and the camera support ringat 22. The lens cone 2i and the support ring 22 are secured I said lens cone 2i by rivets N, 21.

3 to the camera body by means of screws 23, 23. Threaded into a neck 24 of the lens cone 2| is a lens barrel 25 carrying the usual photographic lens. Attached to the lens cone 2i and extending therefrom is a cylindrical member 26 fastened to Fitted over the cylindrical member 26 is a sunshade tube 28. The lens barrel 25 is fitted with the usual diaphragm adjusting ring 29, and attached to said ring and extending therefrom is a member 38 having a knob 3| extending through a slot 32 in the cylindrical member 2%.

Attached to the camera body 20 is a junction box 33 carrying a fuse block 34, fuse clips 35, 35 and a fuse 36. A safety switch, to be subsequently referred to in more detail, is also carried in the junction box 33 and is indicated at 3 The said junction box 33 is equipped with an insulated block 38 having bus bars 39, Alli and 4!. A cross bar 42, attached to the bus bar GI by rivets 43, 43, constitutes a switch for operating the camera. The said cross bar 32 'is 'equippedwith a contact 44 and the 'bus bar 39'is equipped with a contact, shown in dotted lines'a'nd indicated at 45. Said cross bar '42 is also provided with an insulated operating button 46.

Attached tothe right-hand end of the camera body 2'0 is a'mechan'ism-housing indicated at 4?, to which are attached motors $8, 49, to be 'referred to in detail subsequently. A magazine cover, indicated at 58, has for its purpose to en close the sensitized material and to enclose suitable supports and driving and measuring means for said sensitized material. A magazine holddown screw SI is threaded into a bushing '52 car- 'ried by a projecting member 53 of a'mag'azin'e end frame member 5 The end of a film switch is indicated 'at 5'5 and is carried by the magazine end frame'B'IL A measuring roller is shown atifi and at 5'! is shown an idler roll carried on arms 58, 53. The arm'BIi is pivoted at a stud 6D and the arm 59 is pivoted'at a Stud 6!. The said stud 60 is carried by the wall 32 of the mechanism-housingfil, and the stud (H is carried by the magazine 'e'ndframe membenE I, being attached thereto "by a nut 63. The said arms 58, 59 are held in proper spaced relation by a spacing rod t i.

A take-up film spool drive dog is indicated arcs and a supply spool pivot at 63. A pressure had operating baror rod 61 is fitted in suitable bearings in the mechanism housing wall 52 and the magazine and plate 54. The pressure pad itself is indicated at 68. The said pressure pad is held inplace by springs 69, iii, H and "E2, the spring 69 being held to the pressure pad by rivets 239d, 39a, the spring I being held thereto by rivets 10a, 10a, the spring II being held thereto by rivets "I la, 'I la, and the spring 72 being held thereto byrivets 72a, 12a.

When the pressure pad operating bar or rod M is in position, the pressure pad 68 is held in contact with the film which is indicated at I5. When the pressure pad operating bar or rod Bl is rotated, the pressure pad 68 will be raised from contact with the film 15.

The measuring'roller B is made up of a metal tube I6 covered on its outer surface with rubber or other suitable materiaL-as clearly indicated in Fig. -2. A shaft I8 passes entirely through the tube 13 and is fitted in suitable bearings in the magazine end-plate I -Band the mechanism-housing wall (52.

The path of the film through the camera is I5 is shown as fed off the supply spool l2i whence it passes around the measuring roller 56, under the idler rolls I I2, I i 2, under the pressure pad 68, around the idler rolls 5?, 3i, and thence onto the take-up spool I23. In loading film into the camera, the film supply spool I2I is first placed in its support, and a sufiicient length of film is drawn 01f to reach to the take-up spool I23.

The shutter assembly or unit The shutter of the camera is of novel construction. One of the main features thereof allows the shutter assembly or unit in its entirety to be removed from and-to be replaced in the camera without disturbing any of the camera mechanism. This is a very important development for cameras used in the armedforces of the United States, in that it permits the rapid substitution of a new shutter, either for the purpose of replacing a damaged shutter or for'the purpose of equipping the camera with a shutter having other characteristics'than the one removed.

There will next be described the construction of the shutter and its application and relation to the other parts of the camera, and inso doing reference will be made to Figs. 2 to 13, and first to Figs.'2 and 3.

In Fig. 3 the shutter structure is shown as-removed from the camera for any purpose. In Fig. 2, the shutter assembly unit or housing is shown in position within the camera structure.

The shutter assembly, unit or housing, which may be of thin sheet metal, is made up of a base plate I25 having an upstanding member I26 on that end which is shown nearest the top of the sheet in Fig. 3, and is subsequently referred to for convenience of description as the upper end. Said assembly, unit or housing has a second or lower upstanding end I21 at the opposite end of the said base plate I25. Said upper and lower upstanding end members I26 and I27 form vertical walls between which are mounted the shutter curtain rolls.

The shutter itself, as best shown in Fig. 2, is

' made up of two curtains, namely, a capping curtain I28 and a shutter curtain I29, the former having an aperture I30 constituting an opening slightly 'greater than the opening I3I in the shutter base plate or member I25. The shutter curtain I29 is'provided with an aperture I32 which is relatively narrow, the width depending upon the shutter speed desired. In the disclosed embodiment, to which the invention is not restricted, there is provided an aperture approximately 1% of an inch in width, thus allowing a shutter speed of /500 and /1000 of a second.

The capping curtain I28 is wound at one 'end 'on the capping curtain take-up roll I33 and at its outer end on the tension roll IN. The shutter curtain I29 is wound at one end on the shutter curtain rewind roll i355 and at its other endon the shutter curtain'tension roll I36. The shutter capping curtain roll I33 is provided with a shaft I31 passing through a suitable bearing in the lower upstanding end member I21. The opposite end of the capping curtain roll I33 is provided with a shaft I38 that passes through a suitable bearing in the upper upstanding member I26. To the shaft I 38 there is fastened in any suitable manner a pinion I 39. The shutter curtain rewind roll I is also provided on its lower end, viewing Fig. 3, with a's'haft M0 that is fitted into a suitable bearing in the lower upstanding member I21. The said shaft I40 also extends through a suitable hi'ost clearly-indicatedinFig-Z, wherein the film *bearing in the upper upstanding member I26,

from by spacer members I56a, I56a.

Tothe upper end of-said shaft I40, viewing Fig. 3, is attached a pinion I 4|, and to its lower end'is attached a retard ratchet I42, referred to more fully subsequently.

" The capping curtain tension roll I34 is provided with a shaft I43, the lower end whereof, viewing Fig. 3, passes through a suitable bearing in the lower upstanding member I21. The upper end of the said shaft I43 is provided with a bearing I44 in an extension I45 of the said upper upstanding member I26. The said shaft I 43 is also provided with a pinion I46 meshing with a capping curtain .gear I41 carried on a shaft I48 and keyed thereto by a pin I48a. The lower end of said shaft I48,

Fig. 3, rides in a bearing I59 in the lower upstanding member I21. The function of said shaft will be referred to more fully subsequently.

The shutter curtain tension roll I36 is provided with a shaft I5I, the lower end whereof is fitted into a suitable bearing carried by the lower upstanding member I 21. The upper end of the said shaft I5I is carried in a suitable bearing fitted to an extension I52 integral with the upper upstanding'member I26.

The tension rolls The construction of the tension rolls, which are substantially identical, will next be described, reference being made to Fig. 6, wherein is shown the tension roll I34. As there shown, it is formed as a preferably metallic tube and to the left-hand end thereof is fitted a bearing member I53 having a suitable hole for the shaft I43. To the righthand end of the said tube I34 is fitted a bearing plate I 54 through which said shaft I43 passes and to which shaft is attached the pinion I46, as already stated. Secured to the shaft I43 is a coiled tension spring I55, the left-hand end whereof is fastened to the bearing plate I53. Also secured to the shaft I43 is a tension spring I56 to the right-hand end whereof is attached said bearing plate I54.

' Heretofore for similar structures constituting tension rolls for focal plane shutters, one spring only has been used so far as I am aware, and inasmuch as the over-all length of such spring changes when winding the curtain shutter, a thrust was necessarily always introduced into the assembly. In the disclosed construction, which I believe to be broadly novel for the purpose, the

spring is split up into a plurality of units, preferably two, and is stretched a distance equal to the spring elongation when fully wound. Thus the shaft I43 is always held in a central position .within the tube or roll I34 and no end thrust is ever imparted to the shaft I43. This construction provides a smoother running shutter and eliminates one of the most annoying variables that has heretofore always existed in focal plane shutters so far as I am aware.

The shutter mechanism Referring again to Fig. 3, the lower end of the shutter assembly, unit or housing is there shown as provided with a second or cover plate I49 attached to the lower upstanding member I21 by suitable screws I49a, M911 and spaced there- Carried by the cover plate I49 is a locking mechanism which is indicated generally at I5Ia and which will be more specifically described subsequently. There is also carried by the cover plate I49 an exposure counter I52a, the dial [53a whereof is shown most clearly in Figs. 5. and 21, being visible moved from the camera structure and the arrangement of the operating parts is therein clearly evident. In Fig. 7 the shutter is shown as in a wound-up condition ready for making an exposure, the capping curtain I28 having just previously been allowed to run down, thus uncovering the exposure aperture.

The shutter parts will therefore be in the condition shown in Fig. 10, wherein the pinion I39 meshes with the capping curtain rewind gear I65a, and the pinion I4I meshes with the shutter curtain rewind gear I56a. The capping curtain rewind gear I55a and the shutter rewind gear I560. are both mounted on a stud I51 which is securely attached to the upper upstanding member I26 Of the shutter assembly, unit or housing. The said stud I51 has a reduced diameter at the left of the upper upstanding member I26, viewing Fig. 3, and upon which the rewind gears I 55a and I56a are free to rotate. Also carried by the extending shaft portions of the stud I51 are spacing washers I58 and I59.

The assembly, consisting of the shutter rewind gears I55a and 156a. and the spacing washers I56, I59, is held to the stud I51 by a retaining screw I69. Secured to the capping curtain rewind gear I55a is a cam block and capping curtain gear stop, shown in dotted lines at I6I, being secured by rivets I62, I62. Also secured to the capping curtain rewind gear I55a is a driving stud I63, and attached to the curtain rewind gear I56a is a switch operating pin I64 and a shutter curtain stop pin I65. To the shutter curtain rewind gear I56a a shutter release dog and curtain rewind drive member I66 is attached by a rivet I61 and by a projection I68 of the switch operating pin I64.

The outer end of the capping curtain shaft I38 and the outer end of the shutter curtain shaft I46 are supported by an out-board bearing bracket, indicated at I69 in Figs. 7, 11 and 19. The said bearing bracket 69 is fastened to the upper upstanding member I26 of the shutter assembly, unit or housing by screws I19 and HI. The said bearing bracket I69 is spaced from the upper upstanding member I26 by a suitable bushing I12. Also secured to the said upper upstanding member I26 is a stop plate I13, shown in full lines in Fig. 11 and in dotted lines in Figs. 8 and 9. The said stop plate I13 is secured to the said upper upstanding member I26 by rivets I14, I14. Also fastened to the said upper upstanding member I26 is a bushing I15 through which passes a shaft I16, shown in Figs. 10 and 12. To one end of said shaft I16 there is attached a release pawl or latch member I11 engaging a notch I18 of the shutter release dog and curtain rewind drive member I66. To the opposite end of the shaft I16 a spacing collar I19 is secured by a pin I86 having an end extension I 8I to which is hooked a spring I82, the opposite end whereof is attached to a pin I83 on the upper upstanding member I 26. The purpose of the spring I82 is to cause the shutter release pawl or latch member I 11 to be rotated in a contraclockwise direction viewing Fig. 10. The said shutter release pawl or latch member is provided with a turned-in end I84, best shown in Fig. .11,

i-ngs through which extend parts of the shutter rewinding mechanism and the gear I47 controlling the film rewind. The lower edge of said mechanism plate I85 is turned upwardly at, I81 where there is attached a shutter. switch operating bar I88 spaced from the extension I81 by washers I89, I89, and .held thereto by rivets: I98, I98, but so as .to be free to move in a lateral direction. One end of the shutter switch operating :bar I88is provided with a finger-like formation I9 I engaged by the pin I64, when the shutter is rewound, thus moving the shutter switch operating bar I88: to the right, viewing Fig. 1-6.

"The said shutter switch operating bar I88 is :moved to the left by the pin I65, when the shutter runs down, thus operating the shutter rewind switch I92. An adjusting screw I93 isprovided on the shutter switch operating bar I88 and has a "lock nut I94, the purpose of the said adjusting screw being toprovide means for compensation for inaccuracies or variations in the switch The shutter switch operating bar I88 is provided with elongated slots (not shown) to permit the said bar I88 to be moved in a lateral direc- "tion sufficiently to operate the shutter rewind switch I92. The finger-like formation I'9I also serves to retard the shutter curtain rewind gear I56a when running down. A spring I95 having a detent I96 is provided for imparting a slight resistance to the movement of the shutter switch operating bar I88. The said detent I96 engages holes I91, I91 in the shutter switch operating bar I88 when the latter reaches the limit-of its motion in either direction.

A solenoid magnet I98 is also attached tonthe mechanism plate I85 by a screw I99, and an upturned ear 288 is provided for supporting the said magnet I98. A sliding bar-like member 28I "having elongated openings 282, 282 is secured o themechanism plate I85 by rivets v288, 283. .A coiled spring 288 causing the bar-like member 28I to move in a right-hand direction is hooked at one end to a pin 285 secured to the mechanism plate I85 and at its other end is hooked to a second pin 298 secured to the bar 281. Secured to the left-hand end of the bar-like member 281, viewing- Fig. 16, is an armature 28? acted upon by a magnet I98- to release the shutter through a hook-like member 288 engaging the vL-shaped end I84 of the latch-like member or lever Ill.

Referring now particularly to Fig. 19, there is secured to the mechanism plate I85 a bell crank 28-9 pivoted on a shoulder stud 218, whereon is also pivotally mounted a pinion 2 and an. idler 'gear 212, the latter being provided with a bushing 2I3 riding on a sleeve 2I4 carried by the 'said shoulder stud 219. The said bell crank .289, the pinion 2 II and the idler gear 2I2 are-all-held to-the mechanism plate I85 by a large head screw 2I5. 'Carriedon the lower end ofthe bell crank 289. is a gear 2I6, a shoulder stud 2I6a holding said gear H6 in position butzfree to rotate. The said gear 2I8 meshes constantly with the pinion 2H and with the capping curtain rewindigear ,I 55a when the shutter is beingrewound.

The bell crank 299 is caused tomove in a clockwise direction about the shoulder stud 2I 8.as a pivot, by a coiled pring ;2:I'I, Fig. 19, attached at one end to an upturned ear 2I8 integral with the mechanism plate I and attached. at its other. end. to..a pin 2I9 permanently secured to rides on ashoulcler rivet 223 fitted into an elongated opening 224, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1.6. To the opposite end of the said connecting link. .22 I- there is attached a magnet armature. 225 acted upon by a shutter rewind clutch magnet 226 that is carried on the upturned, ear 221 of the mechanism plate I85.

There is also secured to the said mechanism plate I85 3, second idler gear 228 having a pinion 229 meshing with the first idler gear 2I2. The said gear 228 and the pinion 229 are carried on. a stud 239, shown in Fig. 19, and held thereto by a large head screw 238a. The said gear 228 meshes with a pinion 23I integral with the main drive gear 232, said pinion and said main drive gear being carried. on a suitable stud attached to the mechanism plate I85 and held thereto by a large-head screw 233. The motor 48, previously The operation of the shutter There will next be described the operation of the, shutter, and for that purpose reference will bemade toF'igs. 2, 3, 6 to 16 and 19. I

In Figs. 2. and '7, the capping curtain I28. and the shutter or aperture curtain I29 are shown in their relation to the shutter rewind gears. In both of said figures, the shutter is shown in a rewoundcondition ready for making anexposure, the capping curtain I29 having been previously released and allowed to run down to an open condition. The shutter or aperture curtain I29 is held ready for making an exposure. The mechanism will be in the condition shown in Figs. .3 and .16.

An electrical current will be supplied to the .shutter release magnet I98 causing the a mature 2.8! to be moved to the left viewingjFig. 1'6, and carrying with it the shutter release bar 28I and the hook 288. The latter will engage the bentover end I84 of the shutter release pawl or lever I7], and, will cause it to be rotated in a clockwise direction, thereby disengaging said shutter release pawl or lever II'I from the dog I18, Figs. 8 and 9, thus allowing the shutter curtain rewind gear I56a to rotate in a clockwise direction, and the pinion MI and the shutter curtain roll I35 will rotate in a contraclockwise direction, thereby allowing the curtain aperture I32 to travel across theexposure opening of the camera, i. e. in a right-hand direction, viewing Fig. 3, under the influence of the tension roll I36.

When the shutter curtain rewind gear I'58a reaches the condition shown in Fig. 8,.the shutter curtain aperture I32 will have traveled all the way across the exposure opening of the camera. The shutter curtain rewind gear I 56a will be stopped from further rotation because the curtain gear I55a. The finger I9I of the shutter switch operating bar I88 will be caused to be moved to the left, viewing Fig. 19, thus operating the shutter rewind switch I92 in the manner previously described. This will cause an electrical current to flow in the shutte rewind clutch member 225, Fig. 16, causing the armature 225 and the connecting link 221 to be moved to the left, viewing Fig. 16, causing the bell crank 299 to be rotated in a contraclockwise direction, thus engaging the idler gear 2 I6 and the capping curtain gear I 55a. The motors 48 and 49 will also be energized and will cause their respective pinions to rotate, and since the pinions 234 and 235 are in mesh with the main drive gear 232, the pinion 23L the idler gear 228, the pinion 229, the idler gear 2I2, the pinion 2H and the idler gear 2 I IE will also rotate, causing the capping curtain rewind gear I55a to rotate in a contraclock- Wise direction viewing Fig. 19.

The capping curtain roll I39 will now start to rotate inasmuch as its pinion I39 is in mesh with the capping curtain rewind. gear I55a. The shutter curtain rewind gear 55m will also be caused to rotate in a contraclockwise direction, inasmuch as the pin I63 carried by the capping curtain rewind gear I55a will be in engagement with the shutter release dog or curtain rewind drive member 68 carried by the shutter curtain rewind gear I 56a.

The shutter curtain roll !35 will be caused to turn in a clockwise direction by pinion Mi meshing with the shutter curtain rewind gear I58a. Both the said curtains will be wound on their respective rolls until they are fully rewound, but just before the shutter curtain reaches the condition of being fully rewound, the capping curtain gear stop or knock-out cam IiiI carried by the capping curtain rewind gear I55a will act upon the projecting end 220 of the bell crank 289, causing the idler gear 2S6 to be disengaged from the capping curtain rewind gear I 55a.

Just prior or at substantially the same time as the actions just described, the dog I18 carried by the shutter curtain rewind gear I51 will be engaged by the shutter latch or release member l 11, thus holding the shutter curtain rewind gear in the position shown in Figs. 10 and 16. Howe' er, the capping curtain gear and the capping curtain roll I 33 will be allowed to turn under the influence of the capping curtain takea up roll ltd, inasmuch as the gear 2H5 has been disconnected from the capping curtain rewind gear l55a. When the capping curtain reaches its run-down position shown in Fig. 8, it will be stopped from further rotation by the stop block 413 and the capping curtain gear stop or knockout cam 161.

As the shutter rewind gear l59a approaches the limit of its rotation, the pin I64 of the shutter curtain rewind gear 156a will act upon the finger lei of the shutter switch operating bar I 88, causing it to be moved to the right, thus operating the switch 192 and causing it to break the circuit to the shutter clutch magnet 22!; and to the motors 48 and 49. The shutter will now be in condition for a second exposure and the shutter mechanism will be in the position shown in Figs. 3, and 16.

Shutter speed changing mechanism made particularly to single fixed aperture, as in the present disclosure of the invention. In accordance with my invention, this result is accomplished by changing the speed of the shutter curtain rewind roll I35 through the use of a retarding mechanism, most clearly shown in Fig. 4. To the lower end of the shaft I49, viewing Fig. 3, is attached the retard ratchet wheel M2, as previously stated, and to the upstanding member I21 of the base plate i555 a plate 286 is fitted by screws 231, 231. Upon said plate 23$ is pivotally mounted, by a screw Etta, a pawl or escapement support member 238 carrying an escapement pawl 239 pivoted on a shoulder rivet 2 40 and free to oscillate thereon. The opposite end of the pawl o escapement support member 298 is provided with a button 24I passing through an opening 242 of the shutter cover I49.

When the mechanism is in the condition shown in Fig. 4, the ratchet wheel I42 will be retarded by the escapement pawl 239 and will cause the shutter curtain to run at a speed that will produce an exposure of /500 of a second. When the button 24! is moved in an upward direction to the position shown in Fig. 21, the escapement pawl 239 is withdrawn from engagement with the ratchet wheel I42, thus allowing the shutter curtain rewind roll I35 to run free, and under such condition an exposure speed of /1000 of a second will be obtained, as is indicated in Fig. 21.

Film feed mechanism Reference will now be made to Figs. 16 and 17 in describing the film feed mechanism.

There has already been described the film path through the camera from the supply spool I2I, over the measuring roll 55, under the pressure pad 58, around the idler roll 51 and onto the takeup roll I23. As shown partially in Fig, 19, to the mechanism plate is attached a bearing sleeve having bushings. Fitted into the said bushings and passing therethro-ugh is a shaft 241 acting as driving means for a gear 249 which has attached thereto a. ratchet member 25L Fitted to the left-hand end of the shaft 241 is a take-up roll driving dog 65, shown in Fig. 2. To an end of a stud 261 is attached a connecting link 259.

As best shown in Fig. 19, a pawl or latch member 213 is attached to the mechanism plate I55 by a large head screw 214. The said pawl or latch member 213 is provided with a laterally extending dog 215 and a terminal finger 216. The pawl member 213 is caused to be moved in a clockwise direction, viewing Fig. 19, by a spring 211, one end of which is hooked to the said pawl member 213 and the opposite end to a pin 218. The said pawl member .213 is caused to be moved in a contraclockwise direction by the said stud 25! in a manner to be fully subsequently described.

Still referring to Fig. 19, there is also attached to the mechanism plate I a gear rocker memher 219 having an arm 28!! that is bent so as to form an armature, as indicated at 28I. The said gear rocker member 219 is attached to the mechanism plate I85 by a shoulder rivet 282 which also carries a pinion 283 free to rotate on said shoulder rivet 282, as is also the gea rocker member 219. A pinion 284 is also attached to said gear rocker member 219 by means of a shoulder rivet 285, and a. second pinion 286 is also attached to said gear rocker member 219 by a shoulder rivet 281. The said rocker mem- 1181' 2 9 is caused to be rocked in a contraclcck- 111' wise direction by a spring 288 and in a clockwise direction by a film clutch magnet 283 which is supported on the mechanism plate !35 by" a' turned-up arm 233, being held thereto by a screw 23!,

The gearing just described, constituting differential mechanism is herein claimed only in combination with the intimately co-operating film-feeding means, shutter releasing means and shutter rewinding means herein disclosed, but in the coepending application of Louis D. Nadel, filed April 19, 1946, Ser. No. 663,547, now Patent No. 2,495,019, dated January 17, 1950, such differential mechanism is more generically claimed as constituting the means by which the lengthwise tension, imposed by the feeding means upon the film, removes the film pressure pad fromcontact with the film while the film is being fed.

Operation of the film feed mechanism When no current isflowing in the film clutch magnet 289 the rocker member 219 will be rocked in contraclockwise direction, pinion 234 will be Withdrawn from mesh with the gear 253, and the pinion 286 will be withdrawn from mesh with the pinion 2i 1. When the said film clutch magnet 289 is energized, the rocker member 219 will be rotated in a clockwise direction, engaging pinion 284 and gear 253, pinion 2H and gear 286, all as most clearly shown in Fig. 19. At this time the dog 215 will remain in mesh with the teeth of ratchet 251. When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 19, the-pinion 253 will be caused to rotate in a contraclockwise direction, when the motor is turning in a direction to rewind the shutter. As the said film clutch magnet 289 is energized, it causes the rocker member 219 to rotate clockwise, and thus it engages the gears as just described.

When a tooth of the ratchet wheel 25! is engaged by the dog 215, the gear 284 will be caused to turn in a clockwise direction, thereby turning the gear 253 in a contraclockwise direction. The gear 254 will also be turned in a contraclockwise direction, turning the pinion 232 in a clockwise direction, turning pinion 263 in a contraclockwise direction, and'turning gear 249 in a clockwise direction, thereby driving the shaft 241 and the dog 33 in. a clockwise direction. The ratchet 25! will also tend to turn in a clockwise direction,

but will be prevented from doing so by the dog 215.

Inasmuch as the gear train just described constitutes differential mechanism, and nasmuch as the gear 243 cannot at this time be turned because of ratchet 25!, the entire assembly, excepting the ratchet 251 and the gear 249, will be caused to turn in a contraclockwise direction, thus causing the arm 235 also to be turned in a contraclcckw se direction, moving with it the said connecting link 269, the crank 211 and the pressure pad operating shaft 31, thereby raising the pressure pad 53 from contact with the film 15. At the same time the stud 23l will strike the fin er 216 of the pawl 213, thereby causing it to rotate in a contraclockwise direction, thus disenga ing the dog 215 from the teeth of the rat-- chet 25!. The fi m spool will now be caused to turn through the shaft 231 connected to the gear 239 which will now be allowed to turn, thus winding the film onto the take-up spool I23.

Referring to Figs. 2, 16, 1'1 and 18. film s wound on the t ke-up s ool I23. it wil be u led over the m a uring roll 53. and as said measuring roll is turned, the shaft 18 and pinion 33 will also be turned, since the pinion meshes with a gear shown in Figs. 12 and 14; and is attached to the mechanism plate I by a stud 293. The said gear 292 is provided-w-itha hub 2%. attached to the gear 292, and fitted'into the hub 29s is a bushing 295 ridingon the stud 233. The assembly, consisting of the gear 292 and the bushing 294, is held to the stud 293 by a large head screw 2% and a washer .291. Also a cam 298 is attached to the saidhub 294 by rivets 233, 293 and said hub is provided with a notch 333, subsequently referred to.

Also attached to the mechanism plate 185 and spaced therefrom by spacing studs 385, 3G] is a switch operating bar 332 provided with elongated openings 3%, 333, and held to said spacing studs 3E" by large head screws 334, 334 and washers 33,3, 335. Permanently secured to the said switch operating bar 332 is a timing pin 336. The lower end of saidswitch operating bar 382 is provided with a reverse L-shaped formation 301, best shown inFig. 17, that is acted on by a cam block 338 attached to the capping curtain gear I41 by rivets 333, 333. The upper end of the said switch operating bar 3ii2iis provided with a righthand extension 3 Hi, most clearly shown in Fig. 1'1, and attached to which is an' adjustable switch operating member 31! by screws M2, 312.

The said switch operatingbar 382 is causedto be moved in a downward direction by a spring 353, one end whereof is hooked to an upturned end 31d of said right-handed extension 3H1. The opposite end of said spring 313 is hooked to a pin 3 i 5 threaded into the upstanding ear or member 221 of the mechanism plate 185. To the said mechanism plate I85 is also attached a film clutch switch Sit by screws M1, 311. The said mechanism plate is provided with an upright extension 3H3, Fig, 17, to which is attached a signal switch 313 and which is provided with a loop-shaped operating member 320 that is acted upon by the said cam 293.

I will again refer to the just described mechanism when giving a, resume of the complete operation of the camera.

There will next be described the several interlocks including the circuit diagram, and in so doing reference will be made to Figs. 1, 3 and 20 to 22.

I nterlocks, circuit control and counter mechanism As previously stated, the shutter mechanism is readily removed from the camera body 20 as a unit, and when removed appears as shown in Fig. 11. In Fig. 5 is a fragmentary showing of the shutter unit in place in the camera. In order to lock the shutter unit securely in position in the camera, there is provided a lock having a shutter operating handle 32!, shown in Figs. 5, 21 and 22. In Fig. 5, the shutter unit operating handle 3?! is shown in an upstanding or operating position, andin a folded position in Figs. 21 and 22, being also shown in its operating position in dotted lines, Fig. 22. The said shutter handle 32! is pivoted to a stud 322, Fig. 22, by a pin 323. The said stud 322 is fitted into a suit" ble bushing 324 of the previously described shutter upright member I21.

Attached to the right-hand end of the stud F222 is a locking member 325 held to the stud 322 by a lock washer 326 and a nut 321, and attached to the said locking member 325 is a shoulder tud (F3 held thereto by a nut 329 and fitted to the reduced diameter of the said shoulder stud 3'23 is an arm 33!). The inner end of the shoulder stud 328, being the left-hand end thereof viewing Fig. 22, forms a detent 33I engaged by a detent spring 332 when the locking member 325 is in locked condition.

' Fitted to the upper wall 333 of the camera body 29 is a latch plate 334, and fitted to the lower wall 335 of the camera body is a second latch plate 336. The said latch plate 334 is held in place by rivets 331, 331, and the latch plate 336 is held in place by rivets 338, 338. When the handle 32I isin the operating position shown in Fig. 5, the locking member 325 is disengaged from the latch .plates 334 and 336. The entire shutter unit or assembly can then be removed by sliding it from the camera body. When the handle 32I is in the position shown in Fig. 21 and full lines in Fig. 22, the locking member 325 engages the latch plates 334 and 336, thus securely locking the shutter unit in place in the camera casing. The arm 330 is provided with a flat hook-like formation 339, shown in dotted lines in Figs. and 21, and it is held in position and guided by studs 340 and 34I, most clearly shown in Fig. 5.

Referring now more especially to Fig. 3, pivotally attached to the shutter base plate I25 is a switch operating arm 342, bein pivoted on a shoulder stud 343 and held thereto by a retaining screw 34a. The said switch operating bar 342 is provided with a projecting finger 344 for engaging the switch operating button 345 of the safety switch 31. The opposite or left-hand end of the switch operating arm 342 is provided with a hook-like formation 346 engaged by the hook-like formation 339 of the arm 33!] when the shutter lock member 32I is turned to the unlocked condition shown in Fig. 5.

This will cause the circuit through the said safety switch 31 to be broken, thus interrupting the circuit through that safety switch, and inasmuch as the said safety switch 31 is in the main camera circuit, the camera will be rendered inoperative when the circuit is in the interrupted condition. As the lock handle 32I is turned in a contraclockwise direction, viewing Fig. 21, the arm 330 will be moved to the right, thus allow ing the switch operating arm 342 to be moved in a downward direction by spring 341, one end of which is fixed to the said switch operating arm 342 and the opposite end thereof to a pin 348 securely attached to the shutter base member I25.

Also attached to the upstanding wall or member I21 of the base plate I25 of the shutter unit is a pin 343 acting as a stop for the shutter lock member 325 when the latter is turned in a contraclockwise direction to lock the camera shutter unit in place in the camera casing. When in this condition, the circuit to the said safety switch is completed and the camera can then be operated. Also attached to the cover plate I49 by means of screws 350, 353is the counter I53 previously referred to.

Attached to the right-hand end of the said counter I53, viewing Fig. 5, is a counter operating member 35L Attached tothe shaft I 48, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, is a bell crank member having attached thereto a counter operating finger 355 that acts upon the counter operating member 35I each time the shutter is operated, thus providing accurate means for counting the number of exposures made by the camera. The opposite end of the said bell crank latch member 354 is provided with a hook-like member 356 engaged by the hook-like formation 14 339 of the arm 330 when the shutter lock is in the unlocked condition shown in Fig. 5.

The purpose of this arrangement is to cause the said shaft I 48 to be rotated slightly clockwise, viewing Fig. 5, thereby to move the cam block 308 out of engagement with the switch operating bar 302, as shown in Fig. 17, when the shutter unit is in the unlocked condition in the shutter casing, since if this were not done, it would be impossible properly to put the shutter in operating .position in the camera casing, inasmuch as the reverse L formation 301 would interfere with the cam block 308. Therefore, the said cam block 308 is moved out of position sufficiently far so that it will not be interfered with by the said reverse L formation 301. The shutter unit can then be moved to the operating position and, when locked in place in the camera casing, the shaft I48 will be allowed to rotate into its normal position.

Camera electrical circuit In Fig. 20 is shown a circuit diagram of the camera and its operating connections.

The battery supplying the electrical current to the camera is shown at 351, and a cable is represented at 358 connected with the camera body 20 by means of a strap 359 and terminating in the junction box 33. The cable 358 is made up of four wires, of which the wire 360 connects with the positive terminal of the battery 351. The

opposite end of said wire 360 is connected to a screw 36I of the fuse 36. A second wire 362 of the cable 358 is connected with the negative side of the battery 351 and also with one side of the operating switch 363 and a signal lamp 364. The said wire 362 is connected at its opposite end with a terminal screw 365 of the bus bar 39. A third wire 366 of the cable 358 has one end connected to the signal lamp 364 and the opposite end to a screw 310 of the bus bar 40. The fourth wire 31I of the cable 358 is connected at one end with the operating switch 363 and at its opposite end to a terminal screw 312 of the bus-bar 4|.

Also shown in the circuit diagram is a heater 313 having a thermostat control 314 to provide normal operating temperature in the camera at all times. This heater, per se, is not a part of the present invention and is not claimed herein.

Connecting with the terminal screw 315 of the fuse 36 is a wire 316, the opposite end whereof is connected to the terminal on the safety switch 31. To the opposite side of the said safety switch is connected a wire 311, the opposite end whereof is connected to a terminal 313, connected to which is a wire 319 connecting to the film feed solenoid 289. Connected to the said wire 319 is a wire 389 connected to the shutter trip magnet I98 through a short wire 380a and to the shutter clutch magnet 226 through a short wire 38I, and to the motor 49 through a short wire 382 and also to the motor 48 through a short wire 383. The wire 380 is also connected with the thermostat 314.

Connected with the terminal 384 is a wire 385 connected to a Wire 386, one end of which is connected to the shutter switch 192 and the opposite end is connected to the heater resistance 313. Connected to the terminal 381 is a wire 398'that is itself connected to the signal switch 3I9. Connected to the terminal 389 is a wire 399 that is connected to one end of the film switch 55. The opposite end of the said film switch has a wire 39I connected to the shutter switch magnet I98. Connected to the shutter switch "I92 is a wire 392 that is connected to one terminal of the film clutch, switch 3I3, and said switch and the wire 392 are also connected with the shutter clutch magnet 326 through a short wire 393, and to the motors 48 and 49 through wires 39 and 395. The film feed magnet 209 has a wire 396 connected thereto, the opposite end of which wire is connected to the film clutch switch 3I6. Connecting the said switch 3I6 and one end of the signal switch 3I9 is a short wire 391.

The operation of the camera mechanism The operation of the camera mechanism will next be described, and in so doing reference will be made particularly to Figs. 16 and 1'7.

' In the position of the parts shown in Fig. 16, the camera is ready for making an exposure, it having previously been loaded with film, and inasmuch as the camera automatically recycles after each exposure, it will thus be placed in condition for making a second exposure. The safety switch 91 is in closed position. The end of the film switch 55 will also be in a closed position because the cam block 300 contacts with the L- shaped member 30! of the switch bar 302. This always occurs when the capping curtain has run down, as it does just before the camera reaches a point wherein the shutter curtain is in a set condition for a second exposure. The pin 306 has been withdrawn from the notch 300 of the hub 298 and the switch I92 is in open condition. Therefore, no current is fiowing to the solenoid 226 or the solenoid 289. The switch 363 is also in open condition and no current is flowing to the solenoid I98.

When now the circuit is closed to the switch 363, the solenoid magnet I98 will be energized, moving the armature 2-01 to the left, viewing Fig. 16, thus operating the shutter release lever III, allowing the shutter rewind gear I56a, pinion I4! and shutter curtain roll I35 to rotate, thus allowing the curtain aperture I32 to travel across the exposure opening of the camera, thereby making an exposure.

As the said shutter rewind gear I56a reaches the end of its travel, the pin I69 will contact with the finger I9'I of the arm 89, causing it to be moved to the left, thereby closing a, circuit in the switch I92, and said switch will complete a circuit in the shutter rewind magnet 226 and will complete the circuit to the film clutch magnet 289 and also to the motors 48 and 09. The shutter rewind gear 2I6 will then engage the capping curtain gear I55a, turning it in a contraclockwise direction, thereby rewinding the capping curtain I30 onto the capping curtain roll I33. The shutter curtain gear I56a will also be turned in a contraclockwise direction, since the drive pin I33 attached to the said capping curtain gear [55a will contact the drive member 566 attached to the shutter curtain gear I56a, thus turning the pinion MI and the shutter rewind roll I35, thus causing the shutter curtain I29 to be rewound on the roll I35. At the same time, the armature 28! will be attracted to the magnet 289, thereby turning the rocker arm 2T9 clockwise, thus engaging pinions 2I I, 286 and 284 and the film rewind gear 253.

Film will now be wound on the spool I23 as described, and when sufficient film has been wound onto the spool I23, so as to provide for making the second exposure, the gear 292 will be turned through the pinion 80 attached to the shaft I8 of the measuring roll 56 so as to allow the notch .300 to be in position for the pin 306 of the switch bar 302 to drop thereinto. It will be noted that.

at this. time the cam block 308 of the gear I II will be in a position that does not interfere with the reverse L-shaped lever 301 of the switch bar 302 as the gear I I! is connected to the shutter curtain previously described, and since the capping curtain has not as yet been released from the cam 308, said cam 308 will be in the position shown in Fig. 17. When the switch bar 392 moves downwardly the clutch switch 3I6 will interrupt the circuit to the magnet 239, thus releasing the armature 28I and allowing the pinions 280, 253, 2I I and 286 to be disengaged. This will stop all winding of the film for the time being, and since there is no longer any driving effort on they gear 253, the arm 265 will be rotated clockwise by pressure pad springs I0, I I, thus causing the pressure pad 68 to contact with the film I5 and hold it firmly in place.

At the time the film started, as previously stated, to wind on the film spool I23, the arm 265 of the differential winding mechanism was caused to move in a contraclockwise direction so as to raise the pressure pad 68 as described. The gearing is so arranged that a sufiicient length of film will always be wound on the spool I23 before the shutter curtains are fully rewound.

Therefore the motors 48 and 49 will continue to rotate after the switch 3I6 has been opened, and current will continue to fiow in the magnet 226 until the shutter rewind gear I56a reaches the position shown in Fig. 16, wherein the switch operating bar I88 is moved to the right by the pin I64, thus opening a circuit through the switch I92. This will break the circuit to the magnet 226 and will allow the rocker arm 209 to turn in a clockwise direction, thereby disengaging the gears 2I6 and I55a. At this time the circuit will be broken to the motors 48 and 49 and at the same time the bell crank end 220 will have been acted upon by the cam block I6I carried by the shutter rewind gear I52a, so as to force the gear 2 I6 out of mesh with the shutter rewind gear I55a.

At this time the capping curtain roller will be allowed to turn, but allowing the capping curtain to run back, thereby uncapping the exposure opening, and the gear I4I will be rotated to allow the cam block 309 to act upon the reverse L-shape end 301 of the switch bar 302, so as again to close the circuit through the switch 3I6 and to remove the pin 306 from the notch 300. The switch 3I6 will not cause the circuit again to be made to the magnet 309 until the switch I92 is also closed. As the gear 292 rotates, the cam 298 will also rotate, thereby making one revolution for a camera cycle.

As the said cam 298 passes the loop 320 of the switch 3I9 a contact will be made, thus completing a circuit to the signal lamp 364, thereby causing it to be flashed once for each revolution of the gear 292. As the shutter rewind gear I56a is stopped through the operation of the switch I92, it will be prevented from turning in a clock wise direction by the shutter latch member I'll, as fully described. The camera is now ready for a second exposure.

The removable shutter unit or assembly I have described the shutter unit or assembly as insertible into and removable from the camera casing as a unit. This feature has numerous advantages among which are ready accessibility to the shutter mechanism for the purpose of making repairs or for the substitution of a different shutter unit and also simplicity of construction of the entire camera and also facilitating the assemblage of the parts of the camera when building the same.

Referring particularly to dotted lines in Fig. 1 and to Figs. 2, 3, 5 and 22, it will be understood that a lateral wall of the shutter casing, being the left-hand wall viewing Fig. 1, has an opening therein, into or through which the shutter unit or assembly is slid into position. Viewing Fig. 2, showing among other parts the shutter unit in transverse section, it will be evident that the said unit is removed from the camera casing by sliding it toward the observer viewing said figure; that is to say, the said shutter unit is slid, in order to withdraw it from the camera casing, in a direction which is downward in Fig. 3, and which is toward the left viewing Fig. 22, wherein are best shown two inner walls of the camera casing 333 and 335, which respectively have the latch plates 334 and 336 secured to their inner faces to receive the ends of the locking member 325 after the shutter unit has been slid inward (i. e. toward the right viewing Fig. 22). When the shutter unit has been slid into its functioning position, the locking member 325 is turned into the position shown in Fig. 22 by movement of the operating handle 32I, so as to engage the upper and lower ends of the locking member 325 with the latch plates 334 and 336.

As clearly described, the shutter unit or assembly is made up of the base plate I25 and the two upstanding end members I26 and I21 of which the member I2! is shown in Fig. 22. All the parts of the shutter unit are received by and supported upon the said base plate I25 and the two upstanding end members I26 and I21. So far as I am aware, it is broadly new to provide a shutter unit or assembly readily removable from within the camera casing without disturbing the other parts of the camera, and this matter is claimed broadly by me in a divisional application. The shutter which comprises the main or essential part of the said removable unit or assembly is a focal plane shutter consisting of an aperture or shutter curtain and a capping curtain, and the camera which is so equipped with a removable shutter unit or assembly is an automatic motor driven camera preferably adapted for making aerial photographs.

Brie rsum respecting the shutter operation It will be evident from the foregoing description that the entire shutter operation is electrically controlled. Assuming the shutter to be rewound at the beginning of the new cycle, or as a preliminary thereto at the termination of the preceding cycle, the capping curtain I 28 has run down to open condition.

Current is supplied to the shutter release magnet I38, causing the armature 201 to move the shutter release bar ZIlI having the hook 268. This causes the shutter release pawl Ill to be disengaged from the dog H8, allowing the shutter curtain rewind gear I 53a to turn clockwise. The pinion MI and the shutter curtain roll I35 will be turned contraclockwise, allowing the shutter curtain to travel and an exposure to be made. The shutter curtain rewind gear I56a will now be stopped from further rotation, since curtain rewind drive member I66 engages the rewind pin I63 on the capping curtain rewind gear I55a.

In rewinding, the finger I9I of the switch bar I88 is moved to the left, operating the shutter rewind switch I92. This causes current to flow in the shutter rewind clutch member 226, moving the knock-out cam I6I.

the armature 225 and the connecting link 22I to the left, thereby turning bell crank lever 209 contraclockwise, thus engaging the large idler gear 2I6 on the bell crank lever 269 and the capping curtain gear I 55a. The motors i8 and 49 are also energized, and through the gearing, fully described, cause the capping curtain rewind gear I55a to turn contraclockwise. The capping cur-- tain roll I33 now begins to rotate through the action of the capping curtain rewind gear I 55a. The rewind gear Ififia of the shutter curtain also rotates contraclockwise because the pin I63 on the capping curtain rewind gear I 55a engages curtain rewind drive member I66 on the said rewind gear I56a. Therefore, both curtains will be fully rewound.

Just before both curtains are fully rewound, the knockout cam I6! acts on the end 220 of the bell crank lever 239, causing its idler gear 2I6 to be disengaged from the capping curtain rewind gear I55a. At substantially the same time, the dog I18 on the rewind gear I6! is engaged by the shutter release pawl I ll, thus holding the shutter curtain rewind gear in position, but the capping curtain rewind gear I55a and the roll I33 are allowed to be turned by the capping curtain takeup roll I34, inasmuch as the said idler gear 2I6 has been disconnected from the rewind gear I55a.

When the capping curtain reaches run-down position, it is stopped by the stop block I13 and As the shutter curtain rewind gear I56a nears the end of its rotative movement, the pin I64 of the shutter curtain rewind gear I56a acts on the finger I9I of the switch bar I88, moving it to the right, thus operating the switch I92 to break the circuit to the clutch magnet 226 and to the electric motors 48, 49.

The shutter is now in condition for a second exposure.

The co-relation of the film feed and the shutter operation The means for feeding the film and the means for operating the shutter are intimately cooperative. Both of the said mechanisms are electrically controlled. When the circuit is closed at the main switch 363, the solenoid magnet I98 sets in operation the shutter release mechanism,

, allowing the curtain aperture I32 of the shutter curtain to travel across the exposure opening of the camera, thus making an exposure. Thereupon the circuit is closed in switch I92, thereby completing a circuit through the shutter rewind magnet 226, energizing the film clutch magnet 289 and the motors 48 and 49. The capping curtain I30 is then rewound onto the capping curtain roll I33, and the shutter rewind roll I35 is turned, causing the shutter curtain I29 to be rewound on its roll I35.

Further film is now wound on spool I23, and when sufiicient film has been so Wound for making the second exposure, through the described action of the switch bar 302 and the parts immediately cooperating therewith, the clutch switch 3I6 will interrupt the circuit to the magnet 289, thus releasing the armature 28I, disengaging the described gears and stopping all further winding of the film. Thereupon the pressure pad 68 is caused to contact with the film l5 and hold it firmly in place. When the film is again to be wound on the film spool I23, the pressure pad is raised from the film, and sufficient film for a new exposure is wound on spool I23 before the shutter curtains are fully rewound. 

